HOW TRENDY TECHNOLOGY IS CHANGING THE APPROACH TO FARMING

 Despite the rather archaic stereotypes, agriculture nowadays occupies nearly a number one position in terms of the pace of the introduction of advanced technologies. Moreover, Russia is one of the foremost active participants in this method. Next, let's say however trendy farmers have thrown away shovels and rakes, learning smartphones and tablets.

Drones

The most obvious state of affairs for the employment of quadrocopters within the agro-industrial complicated is the observation of the condition of the fields. we tend to be talking regarding chasing the placement of workers and dealing with instrumentation, protecting against the penetration of harmful animals, making often updated correct pasture maps, and predicting the number of crops in a very specific space. within u.  s., drones are even used for planting forests - the craft hovering over the bed in a very strictly given place and “shoot” seeds into the soil with enough force to penetrate the seeds to the desired depth.

All this could be done by existing technologies, ensuing step: with the event of the facility and vary of UAV flights, further as a rise within the capability of their batteries, it'll be potential to put in extra instrumentation on the drone body:

More advanced cameras can mechanically conduct aerial photography with an associate analysis of N content, moisture, flooding, and waterlogging of soils - antecedently this needed the employment of third-party corporations that turn out pictures from a satellite or little personal craft.

The new batteries can take the payload capability of even comparatively little quadcopters to a replacement level, saving farmers from having to shop for extra instrumentation and rent an outsized variety of workers. consultants have calculated that the employment of drones reduces the value of landing by eighty-fifth.

Saving time is additionally important: in an associate hour, a compact and quick device will sow ten sq. meters. klick of fields, it'll take an individual a full day to try and do this. additionally, a bigger battery capability conjointly suggests the likelihood of a protracted flight to terribly remote pastures to regulate grazing animals and seek people that have strayed from the herd.

Naturally, like several technologies, drones aren't while drawbacks - 1st of all, their high price, vulnerability to troublesome atmospheric conditions, and therefore the impossibility of grouping and process fruits. however, already within the predictable future, a copter for agriculture can become as necessary an associate assistant as a mix or a cultivator. In Russia nowadays, drones are used solely on 2-3% of agricultural land, however, given the whole variety of enterprises within the agro-industrial complicated, the figure is spectacular.

Genetic Engineering

Disputes regarding the wisdom of meddlesome with the ordering of agricultural plants and animals are occurring for several years. Be that because it could, nowadays there's merely no different thanks to growing plants that are proof against viruses. dynamical the genotype helps to unravel the matter not solely of viruses, but conjointly of a lot of dangerous pests - insects. Thus, scientists from a European country and therefore the USA with success introduced the order of associate stuff bacteria into a potato cell, because of that vegetables were able to synthesize pesticides of microorganism origin, which created this crop proof against the attacks of the Colorado potato beetle; the constant trick was through with cotton, saving it from the threat of destruction by the corn earworm.

Robots

The use of human labor in agricultural enterprises has ceased to be profitable; categories, classes, and subcategories of robotic machines have already been fashioned during this business. Robots to be used within the agro-industrial complicated belong to the category of “field robots”, which, in turn, is enclosed within the class of service robots. This class is split into slim subcategories like milking systems, robots, farming robots, etc. Today, the quantity of Russian farms victimization machine-driven farming systems amounts to, if not a whole lot, then a minimum of dozens, and this variety is growing steadily. within the class of robots for agriculture, milking robots and autonomous tractors are the foremost common. Let's take a more in-depth investigation of every one of those subcategories.

Milking systems are outnumbering all different classes of field robots for quite a year, and this trend can continue in the close to future. Most of the systems that exist nowadays work on the principle of “voluntary milking, i.e. the cow herself involves the automaton at the proper time. The productivity of 1 such automaton is 1500-2000 liters per day for seventy-five cows. As for the value of apparatus for the automation of farm farms, mobilization associate enterprise with 120-140 heads can price up to a hundred and fifty million rubles, and 150-250 thousand rubles a year for the value of maintaining one unit.

Robotic tractors boast a large type of shapes and sizes, and are classified in step with their functionality:

Cabinless cars. they're more cost-effective thanks to the shortage of a driver's seat. Management is administered remotely.

Fully or part autonomous tractors. during this case, human participation isn't needed in any respect, however, it's semi-autonomous tractors that are a lot common - such drones permit you to deliver the tractor to the sector by the standard methodology, once the driving force leaves the cab and therefore the tractor goes regarding its business on its own. an alternative choice for victimization part autonomous tractors is to figure in a bicycle-built-for-two “man-robot”: whereas the driving force controls one tractor manually, the second, parallel moving machine repeats the actions of the lead tractor.

Kits for installation of autopilot systems. for sure you have got detected quite once regarding startups developing installations that permit you to quickly and inexpensively flip a normal automobile into a drone. Here, everything is much the same; revered brands with a few years of expertise within the international market are engaged in the creation of such solutions.

5G

But neither drones, good sensors, nor autonomous tractors will do while not quick mobile communications. the most advantage of fifth-generation networks is nominal delays, and if normal users are looking forward to the mass introduction of 5G thanks to high information transfer rates, then business customers have an interest in this technology primarily by the likelihood of implementing IoT, unmanned vehicles and comfy device of remote instrumentation.

All these ideas work utterly into trendy agriculture, particularly the disreputable web of Things - nowadays, thousands of varieties of sensors are employed in agricultural enterprises that track the age of animals, soil composition, the presence of diseases in plants, the placement of every animal on the farm, the state of product within the warehouse, the degree of readiness of the crop to assortment, approaching precipitation, etc. in step with the forecasts of the analytical department of Business business executive, the number of good sensors within the world agro-industrial complicated can increase from thirty million in 2015 to seventy-five million in 2020.

Unfortunately, at the instant, farmers have to be compelled to use proprietary systems with a brief vary to observe the condition of the farm. thanks to the shortage of 5G networks (or different various high-speed wireless technology), suppliers of such systems cannot continue with growing demand and don't care excessive amount of regarding the standard of their product, deliberately limiting the service life of their instrumentation. However, although we tend to chuck the big delays of current mobile networks, the overwhelming majority of farms are settled outside giant population centers, so much on the far side of the coverage of LTE - matters are corrected by the ever-present location of 5G base stations, that cellular operators promise the U.S.A.

Artificial intelligence

In trendy agriculture, AI isn't any less common than in smartphones and computers. 1st of all, it's accustomed analyze the looks of plants: with the assistance of thousands of uploaded photos, AI learns to spot issues with the long-run crop in a very timely manner, and this applies to each micro-photography for a lot of correct identification, and large-scale surveys from satellites and UAVs to work out the extent of the unfold of the illness. or insect pests at a time once it absolutely was out of the question to avoid the “epidemic”. different use cases for AI in agriculture that aren't as widespread nevertheless are managing transport, programing automatic soil watering, spraying fertilizers, and observing animal health.

Outcome

All of the higher technologies are comparatively new for the agro-industrial complicated, in contrast to ancient agriculture, we tend to don't nevertheless have many decades of expertise, however, currently, we can say that from unrespectable and physical labor, farming has been steadily moving towards obtaining obviate human issue a. However, {this is|this is often|this will be} not in any respect the case once one can say “laziness is that the engine of progress.” No, everything is far a lot prosaic here: in step with global organization forecasts, by 2050 the world's population can be likened to ten billion individuals, and 2/3 of them can live in megacities, that is, additionally to the actual fact that it'll be necessary to somehow feed these ten billion, solely several are engaged in growing food - that is why fabulous sums are being endowed nowadays in reducing the value, automation and increasing the productivity of agriculture.